(*^ ::[ Information = "This is a Mathematica Notebook file. It contains ASCII text, and can be transferred by email, ftp, or other text-file transfer utility. It should be read or edited using a copy of Mathematica or MathReader. If you received this as email, use your mail application or copy/paste to save everything from the line containing (*^ down to the line containing ^*) into a plain text file. On some systems you may have to give the file a name ending with ".ma" to allow Mathematica to recognize it as a Notebook. The line below identifies what version of Mathematica created this file, but it can be opened using any other version as well."; FrontEndVersion = "NeXT Mathematica Notebook Front End Version 2.2"; NeXTStandardFontEncoding; fontset = title, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, noPageBreakInGroup, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeTitle, center, M7, bold, L1, e8, 24, "Times"; ; fontset = subtitle, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, noPageBreakInGroup, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeTitle, center, M7, bold, L1, e6, 18, "Times"; ; fontset = subsubtitle, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, noPageBreakInGroup, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeTitle, center, M7, italic, L1, e6, 14, "Times"; ; fontset = section, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeSection, grayBox, M22, bold, L1, a20, 18, "Times"; ; fontset = subsection, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeSection, blackBox, M19, bold, L1, a15, 14, "Times"; ; fontset = subsubsection, inactive, noPageBreakBelow, nohscroll, preserveAspect, groupLikeSection, whiteBox, M18, bold, L1, a12, 12, "Times"; ; fontset = text, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = smalltext, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 10, "Times"; ; fontset = input, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeInput, M42, N23, bold, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = output, output, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeOutput, M42, N23, L-5, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = message, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeOutput, M42, N23, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = print, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeOutput, M42, N23, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = info, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeOutput, M42, N23, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = postscript, PostScript, formatAsPostScript, output, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nowordwrap, preserveAspect, groupLikeGraphics, M7, l34, w282, h287, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = name, inactive, noPageBreakInGroup, nohscroll, preserveAspect, M7, italic, B65535, L1, 10, "Times"; ; fontset = header, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, italic, L1, 12, "Times"; ; fontset = leftheader, 12; fontset = footer, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, center, M7, italic, L1, 12, "Times"; ; fontset = leftfooter, 12; fontset = help, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = clipboard, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = completions, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12, "Courier"; ; fontset = special1, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = special2, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = special3, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = special4, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; fontset = special5, inactive, nohscroll, noKeepOnOnePage, preserveAspect, M7, L1, 12; paletteColors = 128; automaticGrouping; currentKernel; ] :[font = title; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Math 221 - Project 2 (the last) :[font = section; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Description of the project (due November 17) :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect] This is a group project. You will sign up to be in groups of three. These may not be changed without consultation with the instructor. Groups should work independently of each other. This project is worth 60 points. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect] You may do this project using any computational aids that you like. The instructor has not succeeded in using Maple for this purpose. Therefore the use of Mathematica is recommended. It is installed on the Bessey Lab machines and may be invoked by double-clicking on the "stellated icosahedron" icon. This handout is itself a Mathematica notebook, which you can find as the file "skydiver.ma" in our MathLabNotes directory. It is also attached to your instructor's World Wide Web homepage. ;[s] 5:0,0;160,1;171,2;334,3;345,4;499,-1; 5:1,10,8,Times,1,12,0,0,0;1,10,8,Times,3,12,0,0,0;1,10,8,Times,1,12,0,0,0;1,10,8,Times,3,12,0,0,0;1,10,8,Times,1,12,0,0,0; :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Here is the problem (part 1): :[font = input; preserveAspect; endGroup] Wearing 35 pounds of equipment, including a parachute, you jump from an airplane, at an altitude of 10,000 feet. You are wearing a big suit and you lie "flat", resulting in a free-fall terminal velocity of 98 MPH. At an altitude of 2500 feet, your parachute opens. This takes 2 seconds. After opening, your terminal velocity (under canopy) is 1000 feet per minute. Graph you altitude at time t, zooming in on any interesting parts. Graph your acceleration (in Earth gravities) at any interesting parts of the trip. ;[s] 1:0,0;525,-1; 1:1,8,6,Ohlfs,0,10,0,0,0; :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Make the following physical assumptions: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] There is no wind. The air resistance force is proportional to the SQUARE of the velocity. During the chute opening period, the air resistance coefficient changes linearly, as a function of time. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] The air resistance coefficients are?? :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] Set the rate of change of velocity to 0. Plug in the appropriate terminal velocity for velocity. Solve for the air resistance coefficient. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Part 2 of the problem: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] Depending on how you pack your parachute, you can vary the chute opening period from about 2 seconds to about 6 seconds. (Sometimes it takes longer than 6 seconds for the chute to come out...) You are to pack for a 6 second opening. How does this effect your acceleration during the chute opening period? Would you prefer a 2 second opening or a 6 second opening? Explain. Include appropriate graphs and/or calculations. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Part 3 of the problem: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] Instead of lying flat, this time you dive head down in a "needle" position, and you wear a slick suit, resulting in a terminal velocity of 180 MPH. You pack for a 2 second opening. You lose your mind, and try to calculate how low an altitude you can "safely" open at. Be sure that your impact velocity is not too great. For comparison purposes, the highest altitude which you can safely jump from (without a parachute) is about 3 meters. DO NOT EXPERIMENT!! :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Variables: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] Convert to metric units (meters-kilograms-seconds). Use a variable x (a function of t) to represent the altitude of the skydiver at time t. There will be three stages to the descent, so you can have variables x1, v1, a1, x2, v2, a2, x3, v3, a3 (functions of t) to represent altitude, velocity, and acceleration during the three stages. Also let t1 be the time at which the chute starts to open, and let t2 be the time at which the chute is fully open. (You will have to calculate t1.) Make variables for your mass (include equipment), the starting altitude, the chute-opening altitude, air resistance coefficients (two), and whatever else is needed. Try to give natural names to the variables. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Comments on your presentation: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup; endGroup] Include careful explanations, in clear English. I recommend that you turn in a Mathematica notebook, either hard copy or via e-mail. Include graphs. Be judicious in the choice of calculations which you include; certainly you should delete anything which communicates no information. ;[s] 3:0,0;80,1;91,2;288,-1; 3:1,11,8,Times,0,12,0,0,0;1,10,8,Times,2,12,0,0,0;1,11,8,Times,0,12,0,0,0; :[font = section; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] A guide to Mathematica ;[s] 2:0,0;11,1;22,-1; 2:1,16,12,Times,1,18,0,0,0;1,17,13,Times,3,18,0,0,0; :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] This is a tutorial, emphasizing those things which might come up in the course of your project. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] = or := or == ? :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] To define a variable, use "=": :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] PiInIndiana = 22/7 :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] 22/7 ;[o] 22 -- 7 :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] To define a function, use ":=". Note also the use of the underscore on the left side. Also, you don't need "*" to multiply. Use [ ] to invoke functions. Use N[ ... ] to get a numerical approximation. :[font = input; preserveAspect] f[t_] := 62.3 Sin[t]^2 :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] N[ f[4] ] :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] 35.68232605313832 ;[o] 35.6823 :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] In an equation, use ==. For example: :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] soln = Solve[ x^3 + 7 x + 19 == 4.2, x ] :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] {{x -> -1.565833557510171}, {x -> 0.7829167787550855 - 2.97302473036615*I}, {x -> 0.7829167787550855 + 2.97302473036615*I}} ;[o] {{x -> -1.56583}, {x -> 0.782917 - 2.97302 I}, {x -> 0.782917 + 2.97302 I}} :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] This gives a list of three approximate solutions. To see the first one use First[ ... ] or ...[[1]]. We will use "First" frequently. The arrow -> defines a "substitution rule", and you can use /. to invoke it. :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] First[soln] :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] {x -> -1.565833557510171} ;[o] {x -> -1.56583} :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] x /. First[soln] :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] -1.565833557510171 ;[o] -1.56583 :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] x /. soln[[2]] :[font = output; output; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup; endGroup] 0.7829167787550855 - 2.97302473036615*I ;[o] 0.782917 - 2.97302 I :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Conversion of units :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] First you have to load a package: :[font = input; preserveAspect] <] :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] Plot[ x1[t], {t,0,1.156} ] :[font = postscript; PostScript; formatAsPostScript; output; inactive; preserveAspect; pictureLeft = 34; pictureWidth = 282; pictureHeight = 174; endGroup] %! %%Creator: Mathematica %%AspectRatio: .61803 MathPictureStart %% Graphics /Courier findfont 10 scalefont setfont % Scaling calculations 0.02381 0.823859 0.014715 0.069178 [ [(0.2)] .18858 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.4)] .35335 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.6)] .51812 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.8)] .6829 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(1)] .84767 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(2)] .01131 .15307 1 0 Msboxa [(4)] .01131 .29143 1 0 Msboxa [(6)] .01131 .42978 1 0 Msboxa [(8)] .01131 .56814 1 0 Msboxa [ -0.001 -0.001 0 0 ] [ 1.001 .61903 0 0 ] ] MathScale % Start of Graphics 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin newpath [ ] 0 setdash 0 g p p .002 w .18858 .01472 m .18858 .02097 L s P [(0.2)] .18858 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .35335 .01472 m .35335 .02097 L s P [(0.4)] .35335 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .51812 .01472 m .51812 .02097 L s P [(0.6)] .51812 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .6829 .01472 m .6829 .02097 L s P [(0.8)] .6829 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .84767 .01472 m .84767 .02097 L s P [(1)] .84767 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .001 w .05676 .01472 m .05676 .01847 L s P p .001 w .08972 .01472 m .08972 .01847 L s P p .001 w .12267 .01472 m .12267 .01847 L s P p .001 w .15563 .01472 m .15563 .01847 L s P p .001 w .22154 .01472 m .22154 .01847 L s P p .001 w .25449 .01472 m .25449 .01847 L s P p .001 w .28744 .01472 m .28744 .01847 L s P p .001 w .3204 .01472 m .3204 .01847 L s P p .001 w .38631 .01472 m .38631 .01847 L s P p .001 w .41926 .01472 m .41926 .01847 L s P p .001 w .45222 .01472 m .45222 .01847 L s P p .001 w .48517 .01472 m .48517 .01847 L s P p .001 w .55108 .01472 m .55108 .01847 L s P p .001 w .58403 .01472 m .58403 .01847 L s P p .001 w .61699 .01472 m .61699 .01847 L s P p .001 w .64994 .01472 m .64994 .01847 L s P p .001 w .71585 .01472 m .71585 .01847 L s P p .001 w .74881 .01472 m .74881 .01847 L s P p .001 w .78176 .01472 m .78176 .01847 L s P p .001 w .81471 .01472 m .81471 .01847 L s P p .001 w .88062 .01472 m .88062 .01847 L s P p .001 w .91358 .01472 m .91358 .01847 L s P p .001 w .94653 .01472 m .94653 .01847 L s P p .001 w .97949 .01472 m .97949 .01847 L s P p .002 w 0 .01472 m 1 .01472 L s P p .002 w .02381 .15307 m .03006 .15307 L s P [(2)] .01131 .15307 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .29143 m .03006 .29143 L s P [(4)] .01131 .29143 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .42978 m .03006 .42978 L s P [(6)] .01131 .42978 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .56814 m .03006 .56814 L s P [(8)] .01131 .56814 1 0 Mshowa p .001 w .02381 .04239 m .02756 .04239 L s P p .001 w .02381 .07006 m .02756 .07006 L s P p .001 w .02381 .09773 m .02756 .09773 L s P p .001 w .02381 .1254 m .02756 .1254 L s P p .001 w .02381 .18074 m .02756 .18074 L s P p .001 w .02381 .20841 m .02756 .20841 L s P p .001 w .02381 .23608 m .02756 .23608 L s P p .001 w .02381 .26376 m .02756 .26376 L s P p .001 w .02381 .3191 m .02756 .3191 L s P p .001 w .02381 .34677 m .02756 .34677 L s P p .001 w .02381 .37444 m .02756 .37444 L s P p .001 w .02381 .40211 m .02756 .40211 L s P p .001 w .02381 .45745 m .02756 .45745 L s P p .001 w .02381 .48513 m .02756 .48513 L s P p .001 w .02381 .5128 m .02756 .5128 L s P p .001 w .02381 .54047 m .02756 .54047 L s P p .001 w .02381 .59581 m .02756 .59581 L s P p .002 w .02381 0 m .02381 .61803 L s P P 0 0 m 1 0 L 1 .61803 L 0 .61803 L closepath clip newpath p p .004 w .02381 .01472 m .06349 .01813 L .10317 .02171 L .14286 .02547 L .18254 .02942 L .22222 .03358 L .2619 .03795 L .30159 .04256 L .34127 .04743 L .38095 .05259 L .42063 .05807 L .46032 .06391 L .5 .07017 L .53968 .07691 L .57937 .08421 L .61905 .09219 L .65873 .10102 L .69841 .11091 L .7381 .12218 L .77778 .13536 L .81746 .1513 L .85714 .17162 L .87698 .18441 L .89683 .19998 L .91667 .21996 L .92659 .23258 L .93651 .24799 L .94643 .2678 L .95635 .29561 L .96131 .31526 L .96379 .32766 L .96627 .34278 L .96875 .36215 L .96999 .37434 L .97123 .38915 L .97247 .40802 L .97371 .43404 L .97495 .47625 L .97619 .60332 L s P P % End of Graphics MathPictureEnd :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect; endGroup] This suggests that a solution does not exist on the whole interval [0,100]. But we would have to make a deeper analysis to know for sure. Computer calcuations are sometimes wrong. :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] Compute the second derivative of a numeric ODE solution and plot it: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] A semicolon at the end of a command will suppress its output. :[font = input; preserveAspect] x1dd = x1''; :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] Plot[ x1dd[t], {t,0,1} ] :[font = postscript; PostScript; formatAsPostScript; output; inactive; preserveAspect; pictureLeft = 34; pictureWidth = 282; pictureHeight = 174; endGroup; endGroup] %! %%Creator: Mathematica %%AspectRatio: .61803 MathPictureStart %% Graphics /Courier findfont 10 scalefont setfont % Scaling calculations 0.02381 0.952381 0.014715 0.026933 [ [(0.2)] .21429 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.4)] .40476 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.6)] .59524 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.8)] .78571 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(1)] .97619 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(5)] .01131 .14938 1 0 Msboxa [(10)] .01131 .28405 1 0 Msboxa [(15)] .01131 .41871 1 0 Msboxa [(20)] .01131 .55338 1 0 Msboxa [ -0.001 -0.001 0 0 ] [ 1.001 .61903 0 0 ] ] MathScale % Start of Graphics 1 setlinecap 1 setlinejoin newpath [ ] 0 setdash 0 g p p .002 w .21429 .01472 m .21429 .02097 L s P [(0.2)] .21429 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .40476 .01472 m .40476 .02097 L s P [(0.4)] .40476 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .59524 .01472 m .59524 .02097 L s P [(0.6)] .59524 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .78571 .01472 m .78571 .02097 L s P [(0.8)] .78571 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .002 w .97619 .01472 m .97619 .02097 L s P [(1)] .97619 .01472 0 2 Mshowa p .001 w .0619 .01472 m .0619 .01847 L s P p .001 w .1 .01472 m .1 .01847 L s P p .001 w .1381 .01472 m .1381 .01847 L s P p .001 w .17619 .01472 m .17619 .01847 L s P p .001 w .25238 .01472 m .25238 .01847 L s P p .001 w .29048 .01472 m .29048 .01847 L s P p .001 w .32857 .01472 m .32857 .01847 L s P p .001 w .36667 .01472 m .36667 .01847 L s P p .001 w .44286 .01472 m .44286 .01847 L s P p .001 w .48095 .01472 m .48095 .01847 L s P p .001 w .51905 .01472 m .51905 .01847 L s P p .001 w .55714 .01472 m .55714 .01847 L s P p .001 w .63333 .01472 m .63333 .01847 L s P p .001 w .67143 .01472 m .67143 .01847 L s P p .001 w .70952 .01472 m .70952 .01847 L s P p .001 w .74762 .01472 m .74762 .01847 L s P p .001 w .82381 .01472 m .82381 .01847 L s P p .001 w .8619 .01472 m .8619 .01847 L s P p .001 w .9 .01472 m .9 .01847 L s P p .001 w .9381 .01472 m .9381 .01847 L s P p .002 w 0 .01472 m 1 .01472 L s P p .002 w .02381 .14938 m .03006 .14938 L s P [(5)] .01131 .14938 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .28405 m .03006 .28405 L s P [(10)] .01131 .28405 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .41871 m .03006 .41871 L s P [(15)] .01131 .41871 1 0 Mshowa p .002 w .02381 .55338 m .03006 .55338 L s P [(20)] .01131 .55338 1 0 Mshowa p .001 w .02381 .04165 m .02756 .04165 L s P p .001 w .02381 .06858 m .02756 .06858 L s P p .001 w .02381 .09551 m .02756 .09551 L s P p .001 w .02381 .12245 m .02756 .12245 L s P p .001 w .02381 .17631 m .02756 .17631 L s P p .001 w .02381 .20325 m .02756 .20325 L s P p .001 w .02381 .23018 m .02756 .23018 L s P p .001 w .02381 .25711 m .02756 .25711 L s P p .001 w .02381 .31098 m .02756 .31098 L s P p .001 w .02381 .33791 m .02756 .33791 L s P p .001 w .02381 .36485 m .02756 .36485 L s P p .001 w .02381 .39178 m .02756 .39178 L s P p .001 w .02381 .44565 m .02756 .44565 L s P p .001 w .02381 .47258 m .02756 .47258 L s P p .001 w .02381 .49951 m .02756 .49951 L s P p .001 w .02381 .52645 m .02756 .52645 L s P p .001 w .02381 .58031 m .02756 .58031 L s P p .001 w .02381 .60725 m .02756 .60725 L s P p .002 w .02381 0 m .02381 .61803 L s P P 0 0 m 1 0 L 1 .61803 L 0 .61803 L closepath clip newpath p p .004 w .02381 .01472 m .02505 .01472 L .02629 .0419 L .02877 .0419 L .03373 .0419 L .03621 .0419 L .03745 .0419 L .03869 .0419 L .03993 .0423 L .04117 .0423 L .04241 .0423 L .04365 .0423 L .04861 .0423 L .04985 .0423 L .05109 .0423 L .05233 .0423 L .05357 .04272 L .05605 .04272 L .05853 .04272 L .06101 .04272 L .06349 .04272 L .06473 .04272 L .06597 .04272 L .06721 .04288 L .06845 .04293 L .07341 .04312 L .08333 .04351 L .10317 .04422 L .14286 .04576 L .18254 .04752 L .22222 .04959 L .2619 .05197 L .30159 .05473 L .34127 .05798 L .38095 .06181 L .42063 .06636 L .46032 .07182 L .5 .07842 L .53968 .08647 L .57937 .09652 L .61905 .1091 L .65873 .12521 L .69841 .14612 L .7381 .17407 L .77778 .21237 L .79762 .23705 L .81746 .26671 L .8373 .30275 L .85714 .34759 L .87698 .40328 L Mistroke .89683 .47465 L .91667 .56743 L Mfstroke .92483 .61803 m .91667 .56743 L s s s s s P P % End of Graphics MathPictureEnd :[font = subsubsection; inactive; preserveAspect; startGroup] How to combine plots: :[font = text; inactive; preserveAspect] The following will show you three separate plots, and then all three together. But I've deleted the first three because I only want to see the combination. :[font = input; preserveAspect; startGroup] Show[ Plot[ Sin[x], {x,0,Pi} ], Plot[ Cos[x] + 1, {x,Pi, 3 Pi} ], Plot[ x - 3 Pi, {x,3 Pi, 4 Pi} ] ] :[font = postscript; PostScript; formatAsPostScript; output; inactive; preserveAspect; pictureLeft = 34; pictureWidth = 282; pictureHeight = 174; endGroup; endGroup; endGroup; endGroup] %! %%Creator: Mathematica %%AspectRatio: .61803 MathPictureStart %% Graphics /Courier findfont 10 scalefont setfont % Scaling calculations 0.02381 0.075788 0.014715 0.187358 [ [(2)] .17539 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(4)] .32696 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(6)] .47854 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(8)] .63011 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(10)] .78169 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(12)] .93327 .01472 0 2 Msboxa [(0.5)] .01131 .10839 1 0 Msboxa [(1)] .01131 .20207 1 0 Msboxa [(1.5)] .01131 .29575 1 0 Msboxa [(2)] .01131 .38943 1 0 Msboxa [(2.5)] .01131 .48311 1 0 Msboxa [(3)] .01131 .57679 1 0 Msboxa [ -0.001 -0.001 0 0 ] [ 1.001 .61903 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